Limiters (03: St.Limiter�04: Mltband Limit) limit the level of the input signal to a maximum level that you specify. Exciters (11: St.Exct/Enhcr) give the sound greater clarity and de�nition. Enhancers sharpen the outline of the sound, bringing it to the front of the mix. By using these appropriately, you can bring out sounds that were unclear or easily lost in the mix. Distortion (06: OD/HiGain Wah) distorts the sound. This simulates the distorted sound that is typically created on a guitar by making the ampli�er distort the sound. It is often used not only on guitar sounds, but also on rock organ sounds.
Early re�ection and delay effects
Early re�ection effect (41: Early Re�ect) produces only the early re�ections of a reverb effect. Using just these early re�ections, you can add weight or spatial effects to a sound, such as reverberation. Without the reverberation, you can achieve a clean effect sound. Delays (43: LCR Delay�51: Sequence Dly) create an echo effect by delaying the sound for a �xed length of time. You can also make the delayed sound repeat (feed back).
Level Dry sound
Delay sound
Pitch/phase modulation effects
Chorus effects (16: St.Chorus�19: St.Ensemble, 26: St.BiphaseMod) are an effective way to add spaciousness and thickness to any type of sound. These are ideally suited for use with electric pianos, strings, guitars, and so on. In an ensemble, pitch variations between instruments create a rich, slightly warbling sound. Essentially, this gives the impression that a number of musicians are playing together. The chorus effect simulates this. In stereo performance, the stereo image is widened, thus creating a magni�cent spatial ambience. Flanger effects (20: St.Flanger�22: St.Env.Flanger) add unique characteristics to a sound. Although similar to chorus, a �anger uses a shorter delay time and feeds some of the output signal back into the effect, creating a strong swell. Flangers work very well on sounds that contain a lot of harmonics, as well as on distorted guitar sounds. Phasers (23: St.Phaser�25: St.Env.Phaser) cyclically modulate the phase of the sound. They are similar to the chorus and �anger effects in that both use modulation, but the manner in which the tonal quality changes is different. They are effective with electric piano, guitars, and synth sounds with a reasonable sustain.
Delay time Time
Reverb effects
Reverb (52: Rev Hall�57: Rev Brt. Room) is an effect that creates the spacious reverberation of sounds played in a hall or room. Reverb simulates the sounds that are re�ected from the ceiling and wall. When you hear music in a concert hall, the sound from the instruments and voices reaches your ear directly, but also reaches your ear after being re�ected off the ceiling and walls (and being delayed by a corresponding length of time). In this way, the direct sound (the �dry� sound) is joined by numerous re�ections that create the impression of a large acoustical space. The way in which the sound is re�ected will depend on the materials of the ceiling and walls, and also on the size and shape of the hall. These factors also affect the way in which the reverberation decays. Different effect types let you simulate a broad range of reverberation, and you can also edit the parameters to make detailed changes to the character of the sound.
Level Dry sound Early re�ections
Other modulation and pitch shift effects
Rotary speaker effect (40: Rotary SP) simulates the rotating speaker effect used in organs. It is ideal for use with organ sounds, but it will also create a unique effect with other sounds. Pitch shifters (38: Pitch Shifter, 39: PitchShift Mod) shift the pitch of the input signal. You can mix the pitch-shifted sound with the original sound to create a chorus effect, or create special effects in which the pitch continues to rise (or fall).
Sound source
Dry sound
Reverb sound Pre Delay Time
Effects that combine two mono effects connected in series
These connect two mono effects in series. They include a four-band parametric equalizer connected in series with some other effect (e.g., exciter, chorus, delay), or a compressor connected with another effect (of the types listed above).
